In Spanish nouns are people, places or things just like in English. They can be singular or plural.
To make a noun plural follow these simple rules
To make a noun plural follow these simple rules
- if the noun ends in a vowel add s
- if the noun ends in a consonant add es
- if the noun ends in a z change it to a c and add es
- if the noun ends in es or is do nothing.
Adjectives describe a noun. In Spanish you will find these AFTER the noun not before like in English. Adjectives need to agree in gender (see italics below) and number (singluar/plural) with nouns in Spanish. So if the noun in plural the adjective will also be plural (see rules above).
If the adjective ends in an O and the noun ends in an A. The O in the adjective changes to an A. No other letter but O changes to an A. Plural rules still apply as well.
If the adjective ends in an O and the noun ends in an A. The O in the adjective changes to an A. No other letter but O changes to an A. Plural rules still apply as well.
Articles - these are the words - the, an, some, my, your, his/her, their. These also need to match the noun in gender (italics above) and number (singular vs plural). These words will appear before the noun. There will only ever be one of these words in front of a noun. Numbers can replace these words also.
- el, la, los, las - the
- un, una - a
- unos, unas - some
- mi/mis - my
- tu/tus - your
- su/sus - his, her, their
99% of the time if the noun ends in an a it is feminine and any other letter is masculine. There are some exceptions to the rule however. La mano is considered feminine so all adjectives would need to end in A that describe this word. El avila is masculine so the adjectives describing this would need to end in O. It is actually the article that indicates feminine/masculine. There is no trick for the ones that do not follow the rule just memorization.